Flow Simulation Improves Photovoltaic Solar Panel Performance

Schueco provides complete solar energy systems including all components needed to produce energy from the sun including panels, collectors, tanks, mounting system, control units and monitoring electronics. Sunlight hits the photovoltaic panels and generates direct current. The UK government sponsored Energy Saving Trust estimates that microgeneration could reduce the UK’s carbon emissions by 15% compared with the present mix of energy generation. The Rocky Mountain Institute in Snowmass, Colorado recently released a study that showed that output of small scale power sources will soon outstrip the world’s nuclear power industry.

Schueco was the first company in the solar energy business to recognize that substantial improvements in photovoltaic panel performance could be achieved by optimizing thermal design. “I previously worked for several companies making telecommunications equipment and used thermal simulation to solve thermal challenges,” Batoul said. “I found that Flomerics’ Flotherm CFD software was the most powerful tool available in that space. Performing thermal simulation of solar energy systems requires different software because of the need to model building materials that play a role in thermal performance. Flomerics offers Flovent CFD software designing for addressing heating, ventilation and cooling problems in buildings. We tried Flovent and found it met all our requirements such as modeling the thermal characteristics of glass and simulating the effects of radiation on the panels.”

Batoul uses Flovent to model complete solar systems. Flovent simulates the absorption and reflection of solar energy by the panels, the transfer of heat to aluminum profiles and the surrounding air, etc. “The CFD results helped us understand exactly how the panels were being heated and guided us as we made major improvements to their design,” Batoul said. “Examining the flow of air under the photovoltaic panels showed that the size of the passageway was constricting the flow of air. We increased the depth of the profile that supports the photovoltaic panels to increase the distance between the panels and the roof. Re-running the simulation demonstrated that this increased the airflow and reduced the temperature of the photovoltaic panels. Through these studies, we optimized the design of the solar energy systems and also gained an understanding of how temperature is affected by different arrangements of panels and ambient conditions.”