Continuous developments in out-of-vacuum-chamber EB technology are pushing away at techno-economic barriers previously preventing the uptake of single pass, thick-section, low distortion electron beam (EB) welding of large pressure vessels and structural fabrications. The ability to use EB technology outside a vacuum chamber, coupled with the introduction of new sliding seal vacuum technology means that the welding process is given greater mobility enabling an increasing number of technical applications and commercial opportunities across a range of industries.